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In response to the destructive effects of predatory globalization in social, human and ecological terms, there is a clear need for a new economy that would bring with it new social relations and an improved relationship with the planet. A number of authors refer to a transition from a unique global model, based on economic growth, increased debt and the plundering of natural resources, to a decentralized federation of social and ecological economies.
The economic and social functions of the social and solidarity economy (SSE), such as creating new markets, responding to new social needs, creating jobs, fostering social inclusion and strengthening social capital, sometimes overshadow its political mission of democratizing the economy. However, a number of authors, such as Jean-Louis Laville (1999), define the SSE as “all activities that contribute to democratizing the economy based on citizen involvement.”
Social innovation refers to a new way of doing things, an innovative element in a given context. It represents a breaking away from the usual solutions offered and provides a creative response to social and economic problems that cannot be solved by the market or state. It thus improves individual and collective well-being.
Since the end of the 20th century, institutions have responded to globalization and market homogenization and the ensuing social and environmental consequences by promoting the notion of local sustainable development.A local territory, the geographical basis of social existence, could now once again take on an important role.